| Quantity: | |
|---|---|
| Category | Parameter | Value |
| Chemical Composition | Carbon (C) | 0.42–0.50 |
| Silicon (Si) | ≤0.40 | |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.50–0.80 | |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤0.030 | |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤0.035 | |
| Cr + Ni + Mo | ≤0.63 | |
| Mechanical Properties | Yield Strength | 230–565 MPa |
| Tensile Strength | 530–1050 MPa | |
| Elongation at Break | 5–18% | |
| Hardness (Brinell) | 172–255 | |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 220 GPa | |
| Physical Properties | Density | 7.85 g/cm³ |
| Electrical Conductivity | 8.33 MS/m | |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion | 11.1 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ | |
| Thermal Conductivity | 50 W/m·K | |
| Specific Heat Capacity | 460 J/kg·K | |
| Heat Treatment & Forging | Fabrication Temperature | 850–1200°C |
| Quenching Temperature (air/oil) | 820–855°C | |
| Tempering Temperature | 550–660°C | |
| Forging Temperature | 900–1100°C | |
| Cooling After Forging | Slow cooling recommended |
Balanced Strength, Ductility & Toughness
C45E+N offers a well‑balanced combination of tensile strength and impact resistance, ideal for demanding mechanical parts like shafts and crankshafts
Excellent Surface Hardening Potential
With proper quenching, tempering or induction hardening, C45E+N achieves high surface hardness for enhanced wear resistance while retaining core toughness
Ideal for High‑Load Components
Widely used in connecting rods, gears, bolts and axles where high load and cyclic stress performance is critical
Good Machinability & Workability
Despite its medium carbon content, the normalized alloyed version (+N) allows for efficient machining and controlled weldability with proper pre‑ and post‑heat treatment
Consistent Performance After Heat Treatment
After quenching and tempering (820–860 °C, followed by tempering at 550–660 °C), it delivers reliably high mechanical properties across batches
Automotive Shafts & Crankshafts
Ideal for manufacturing durable shafts and crankshafts that endure cyclic and high mechanical loads due to its balanced strength and fatigue resistance
Gears & Axles
Widely used in gears, axles, spindles, and light gearing components since it offers excellent wear resistance after proper surface hardening or normalization
Fasteners & Connecting Components
Perfect for producing bolts, studs, and connecting rods requiring high surface hardness and reliable core toughness under impact
Precision Mechanical Parts
Suitable for pins, rolls, guide rods, and industrial machine components where consistent machinability and machinable surface finishing are essential
A: It offers a great balance of strength, ductility, and surface hardening potential, making it ideal for high-load parts.
A: Yes, it responds well to quenching and tempering, significantly improving surface hardness and core strength.
A: Yes, the normalized condition (+N) improves its machinability, allowing for efficient processing.
A: It is widely used in gears, shafts, connecting rods, bolts, and other mechanical components.
| Category | Parameter | Value |
| Chemical Composition | Carbon (C) | 0.42–0.50 |
| Silicon (Si) | ≤0.40 | |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.50–0.80 | |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤0.030 | |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤0.035 | |
| Cr + Ni + Mo | ≤0.63 | |
| Mechanical Properties | Yield Strength | 230–565 MPa |
| Tensile Strength | 530–1050 MPa | |
| Elongation at Break | 5–18% | |
| Hardness (Brinell) | 172–255 | |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 220 GPa | |
| Physical Properties | Density | 7.85 g/cm³ |
| Electrical Conductivity | 8.33 MS/m | |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion | 11.1 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ | |
| Thermal Conductivity | 50 W/m·K | |
| Specific Heat Capacity | 460 J/kg·K | |
| Heat Treatment & Forging | Fabrication Temperature | 850–1200°C |
| Quenching Temperature (air/oil) | 820–855°C | |
| Tempering Temperature | 550–660°C | |
| Forging Temperature | 900–1100°C | |
| Cooling After Forging | Slow cooling recommended |
Balanced Strength, Ductility & Toughness
C45E+N offers a well‑balanced combination of tensile strength and impact resistance, ideal for demanding mechanical parts like shafts and crankshafts
Excellent Surface Hardening Potential
With proper quenching, tempering or induction hardening, C45E+N achieves high surface hardness for enhanced wear resistance while retaining core toughness
Ideal for High‑Load Components
Widely used in connecting rods, gears, bolts and axles where high load and cyclic stress performance is critical
Good Machinability & Workability
Despite its medium carbon content, the normalized alloyed version (+N) allows for efficient machining and controlled weldability with proper pre‑ and post‑heat treatment
Consistent Performance After Heat Treatment
After quenching and tempering (820–860 °C, followed by tempering at 550–660 °C), it delivers reliably high mechanical properties across batches
Automotive Shafts & Crankshafts
Ideal for manufacturing durable shafts and crankshafts that endure cyclic and high mechanical loads due to its balanced strength and fatigue resistance
Gears & Axles
Widely used in gears, axles, spindles, and light gearing components since it offers excellent wear resistance after proper surface hardening or normalization
Fasteners & Connecting Components
Perfect for producing bolts, studs, and connecting rods requiring high surface hardness and reliable core toughness under impact
Precision Mechanical Parts
Suitable for pins, rolls, guide rods, and industrial machine components where consistent machinability and machinable surface finishing are essential
A: It offers a great balance of strength, ductility, and surface hardening potential, making it ideal for high-load parts.
A: Yes, it responds well to quenching and tempering, significantly improving surface hardness and core strength.
A: Yes, the normalized condition (+N) improves its machinability, allowing for efficient processing.
A: It is widely used in gears, shafts, connecting rods, bolts, and other mechanical components.
