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SAE4140

SAE4140 is a chromium-molybdenum alloy steel known for its high hardness, high toughness and good hardenability. This steel is widely used in the manufacture of parts that require high strength and toughness, such as automotive parts, construction equipment, oil and gas industry components, and machinery. Its mechanical properties include high strength, yield strength and good elongation. In addition, SAE4140 can be improved through heat treatment, such as quenching and tempering.
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CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

C: 0.38-0.43

Si: 0.15-0.35

Mn: 0.75-1.00

P: ≤0.035

S: ≤0.04

Cr: 0.8-1.1

Mo: 0.15-0.25



MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

Tensile strength: 455-1598 MPa

Yield strength: 338-986 MPa

Elongation: 7-21%

Hardness: 196-397 HB



PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Density: 7850 kg/m³

Brinell hardness: 200 to 310

Young's modulus (elastic modulus): 190 GPa

Poisson's ratio: 0.27 to 0.30

Thermal conductivity: 42.6 W/m·K

Specific heat capacity: 470 J/kg·K

Coefficient of thermal expansion: 1.22×10^-5^ 1/°C

Electrical conductivity: 4.23×10^6^ S/m

Resistivity: 2.36×10^-7^ Ω·m



HEAT TREATMENT

Normalizing: 850-900℃, Cool in air

Annealing: 830-850℃, Cool in furnace

Quenching: 840-880℃, Water/Oil quench

Tempering: 220-700°C, cooling in still air



FORGING

Forging of SAE 4140 should be done between 2200°F and 1650°F (1200°C to 900°C), with lower finishing temperatures resulting in finer grain size. After forging, it should be cooled slowly in oil or water to reduce internal stress and deformation.


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